Legal, Certainty and Protection of the Investiments: A Comparative Perspective (Common Law, Civil Law)

[extract] The purpose of this article is to discuss the issue of legal certainty. It reviews the legal certainty in the ambit of Brazilian Law, a civil law jurisdiction. The concept of legal certainty is delimited and its importance for economy and commercial relations is discussed. The most important aspect of legal certainty is “ideology”. The judicial legitimacy of the same-sex family union in Brazil is a highly notable case in which we can see that a norm is interpreted differently when the ideology changes. As “ideology matters”, if a country wants to provide more legal certainty, it has to develop actions aiming at changing the ideology. The conclusion suggests the thesis that ideology would be the most important aspect in the matter of legal certainty also in common law jurisdictions

Academic Writing Development Through Dialogues Between Tutors and Second-language Learners

This thesis presents an analysis of dialogues between writing tutors and second-language learners in a writing center setting. The analysis includes a discussion about session appropriation by tutors, the validity of addressing sentence-level mistakes during writing conferences, and strategies that tutors may use to make the sessions beneficial to second-language learners. Among the literature covered throughout the study are studies on Educational Psychology, L1 and L2 Composition, and Cognitive Linguistics (Situated Learning). Collected data include measurements of dialogical patterns in the sessions and qualitative data extracted from session recordings and interviews with interlocutors. Study results suggest that a) sentence-level correction should take place during tutoring sessions involving second-language learners at different stages of the writing process, b) tutors should be explicitly trained in strategies to minimize their session ownership and increase tutee participation time, and c) researchers must look beyond interlocutors\u27 talk time when addressing issues of tutor appropriation

The impact of investor sentiment in the Swiss stock market

Dissertação de mestrado em FinanceThis research investigates if investor sentiment is priced in the Swiss stock market. Using an indirect measure of sentiment, the monthly changes in investor sentiment are studied based on the Baker and Wurgler's (2007) sentiment index model composed by six sentiment proxies. The sentiment index is composed by the number of IPOs, the average first-day return on IPOs, closed-end fund discount, the share turnover, the share of equity issues and the dividend premium. The predictions are that for difficult to value and riskier to arbitrage stocks, investor sentiment should be more accentuated. Establishing portfolios using different types of stocks, the principal findings after this sorting approach are that when sentiment is high (low), subsequent returns are comparably low (high) for small firms, unprofitable firms, high growth and distressed firms. The predictions telling that sentiment has stronger effects on hard to value and difficult to arbitrage stocks are broadly confirmed conducting a regression approach.Este estudo investiga a presença de sentimento do investidor no mercado suíço e o seu impacto no desempenho do mercado e em grupos específicos de ações. Usando uma medida indireta de sentimento, as variações mensais no sentimento do investidor são determinadas baseadas no modelo de índice de sentimento de Baker and Wurgler (2007) composto por seis proxies de sentimento: o número de IPOs, o retorno médio do primeiro dia em IPOs, o desconto dos fundos fechados, a quota de volume de negócios, a quota de emissões de ações e o prémio de dividendos. As previsões são que para ações difíceis de avaliar e de risco mais elevado, o sentimento de investidor deve ser mais acentuado. Construindo diferentes carteiras com base em características de ações verifica-se que quando o sentimento é alto (baixo), os retornos subsequentes são comparativamente baixos (altos) para as pequenas empresas, empresas não rentáveis, empresas de elevado crescimento e para empresas em dificuldades financeiras. As previsões que o sentimento do investidor tem efeitos mais acentuados sobre ações difíceis de avaliar e de risco mais elevado são amplamente confirmadas com as regressões

A GESTÃO ESTRATÉGICA DA COMUNICAÇÃO NO NÚCLEO DE TECNOLOGIAS PARA EDUCAÇÃO-UEMANET

O presente artigo tem como objetivo, estudar o processo de gestão estratégica da comunicação no Núcleo de tecnologias para Educação – UEMANET. A pesquisa utilizou o método do estudo de caso, tendo como técnicas de investigação a pesquisa documental e entrevistas semi estruturadas realizadas com colabodores e alunos dos cursos mediados pela instituição. A base de investigação foi direcionada ao entendimento do Plano de Comunicação, suas ações e ferramentas, bem como os resultados alcançados pelas ações previstas. Conclui-se, com os achados de pesquisa, a existência de um planejamento dinâmico, com perspectivas criativas e inovadoras, porém com necessidades de instrumentos de mensuração mais adequados para avaliação concreta dos resultados obtidos, em termos de impacto das ações junto aos diversos públicos e das mudanças de imagem e da cultura comunicacional da instituição

Uptake of macromolecules by cercariae during skin penetration and transformation to schistosomula (Schistosoma mansoni)

Here, we observed the uptake of membrane-impermeant molecules by cercariae as they penetrate the skin and are transformed into schistosomula. We propose that membrane-impermeant molecules, Lucifer Yellow, Propidium iodide and Hoechst 33258 enter the parasite through both thenephridiopore and the surface membrane and then diffuse throughout the body of the parasite. We present a hypothesis that the internal cells of the body of the schistosomulum represent a new host-parasite interface, at which skin-derived growth factors may stimulate receptors on internal membranes during transformation of the cercariae into the schistosomulum

Conhecimento dos farmacêuticos atuantes em drogarias e farmácias sobre a prescrição farmacêutica na cidade de Mineiros-Goiás

O farmacêutico é o profissional que tem competência para realizar a dispensação de medicamentos, a partir da prescrição e de outros serviços prestados. Neste sentido o objetivo do trabalho foi verificar o conhecimento dos farmacêuticos referente a prescrição farmacêutica. Foram visitadas um total de 31 drogarias e 4 farmácias de manipulação da cidade de Mineiros-Goiás no período de 25 de julho a 15 de agosto de 2017, sendo que destas somente 17 profissionais participaram. A partir da coleta de dados nota-se que em 42,86% dos estabelecimentos visitados os profissionais se encontraram ausentes. A principal causa de não se especializar em prescrição farmacêutica e/ou farmácia clínica com 35,29%, é a falta de tempo. Nota-se que 76,47% dos profissionais se consideram habilitados a realizar a prescrição, sendo que somente 23,52% desses possuem especialização em prescrição farmacêutica e/ou farmácia clínica. Conclui-se que é notável a ausência de um número significativo de profissionais nos estabelecimentos farmacêuticos, bem como a incoerência referente a estes presumirem estarem habilitados a exercerem a prescrição, dado que apesar de um número considerável de profissionais demonstrarem conhecimento com relação RDC do CFF 586/2013, somente uma minoria tem uma base preparatória propícia por meio de especialização em prescrição farmacêutica e/ou farmácia clínica

Analysing the effectiveness of a generative model for semi-supervised medical image segmentation

Image segmentation is important in medical imaging, providing valuable, quantitative information for clinical decision-making in diagnosis, therapy, and intervention. The state-of-the-art in automated segmentation remains supervised learning, employing discriminative models such as U-Net. However, training these models requires access to large amounts of manually labelled data which is often difficult to obtain in real medical applications. In such settings, semi-supervised learning (SSL) attempts to leverage the abundance of unlabelled data to obtain more robust and reliable models. Recently, generative models have been proposed for semantic segmentation, as they make an attractive choice for SSL. Their ability to capture the joint distribution over input images and output label maps provides a natural way to incorporate information from unlabelled images. This paper analyses whether deep generative models such as the SemanticGAN are truly viable alternatives to tackle challenging medical image segmentation problems. To that end, we thoroughly evaluate the segmentation performance, robustness, and potential subgroup disparities of discriminative and generative segmentation methods when applied to large-scale, publicly available chest X-ray datasets.Comment: Accepted at ML4H 202

The invasive species rules: competitive exclusion in forest avian mixed-species flocks in a fragmented landscape

Evidence of checkerboard patterns of species' distribution in avian mixed-species flocks suggest that competition is one of the forces shaping the composition and structure of these associations. However, evidence of competition among flock species comes from studies performed in well-preserved regions and no study has reported the interactions between invasive and native flocking species in human-modified landscapes. Such studies are important because evidence show that avian social systems such as mixed-species flocks suffer several negative impacts of habitat fragmentation. In this study, it is shown that an invasive woodcreeper (Lepidocolaptes angustirostris) from open areas of central and western South America is: 1) expanding its range into that of a native Atlantic Forest woodcreeper (L. squamatus)2) using the same forest fragments in which the native woodcreeper occurs3) regularly joining Atlantic Forest mixed-species flocks that contain the native woodcreeper4) overlapping in foraging height with the native woodcreeper during flockingand 5) engaging in aggressive encounters and excluding the native woodcreeper from flocks. We suggest that this aggressive behavior is a consequence of the overlap in foraging height between the invasive and native species in their original habitats and that their contact has so recently been established. This study suggests that competitive interactions mediated by aggressive behaviors of invasive species may have a negative impact on the fitness of native mixed-species flock species in a fragmented landscape.Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES)Graduate Program in Ecology and Evolution from Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP-Diadema)Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP)Biota ProgramNational Science FoundationWorld Wildlife Fund (WWF)Graduate Program of Ecology, Conservation and Wildlife Management (ECMVS) from Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG)CNPqPrograma Natureza e Sociedade WWF/SUNY projetoUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Ecol & Biol Evolut, BR-09972270 Diadema, SP, BrazilUniv Brasilia, Inst Ciencias Biol, Dept Zool, BR-70910900 Brasilia, DF, BrazilUniv Fed Vicosa, Dept Biol Anim, Museu Zool Joao Moojen de Oliveira, BR-36570000 Vicosa, MG, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Ecol & Biol Evolut, BR-09972270 Diadema, SP, BrazilBiota Program: 2010/05445-2Biota Program: 2015/18287-0Biota Program: 2011/50143-7Biota Program: 2011/23155-4Biota Program: 2013/50297-0National Science Foundation: DOB 1343578Programa Natureza e Sociedade WWF/SUNY projeto: CSR 142-00Web of Scienc

Cone-Beam Computed Tomography and Radiographs in Dentistry: Aspects Related to Radiation Dose

Introduction. The aim of this study was to discuss the radiation doses associated with plain radiographs, cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), and conventional computed tomography (CT) in dentistry, with a special focus on orthodontics. Methods. A systematic search for articles was realized by MEDLINE from 1997–March 2011. Results. Twenty-seven articles met the established criteria. The data of these papers were grouped in a table and discussed. Conclusions. Increases in kV, mA, exposure time, and field of view (FOV) increase the radiation dose. The dose for CT is greater than other modalities. When the full-mouth series (FMX) is performed with round collimation, the orthodontic radiographs transmit higher dose than most of the large FOV CBCT, but it can be reduced if used rectangular collimation, showing lower effective dose than large FOV CBCT. Despite the image quality, the CBCT does not replace the FMX. In addition to the radiation dose, image quality and diagnostic needs should be strongly taken into account